Nudging our way to a more sustainable future

Make sustainable choices easy

Climate studies are showing that humans must change their behaviour by making more sustainable choices. Considering the consequences of global warming, the United Nations have identified 17 goals for a more sustainable future. The goals involve extinction of poverty, hunger, sickness and inequality, as well as promoting sustainable consumption, innovation and green energy.

Even though more information is provided, and new technology promoting energy efficiency is developed, statistics show that energy use in OECD countries will rise with 35 % by 2020 (UN 12th goal). Why are people still not making environmentally friendly choices to the extent that is necessary? The answer may, at least in part, lie within classic judgement psychology - humans are not fully rational in their decision making. That’s when they need a little nudge.

People, planet and profit

For the past decade Sweden-based nudging expert Katharina Paoli Brunat has been advocating a more sustainable way of living. In her work, as a public speaker and entrepreneur, she sees the possibilities to create a more sustainable future for all of us. We just need to see the options clearer.

- My passion is to empower people with hands on solutions that makes measurable impact, says Paoli Brunat. I believe we can have a more resource efficient, sustainable future where digitalisation, behavioural science and sustainability co-create and collaborate.

For Katharina Paoli Brunat’s sake, she took matter into her own hands by founding Nudgd, A Win Win World, Wildflower Group and EcoBride. She is also on several boards and work as a mentor, all with the same passion – to solve our biggest challenge for the future, a sustainable way of living by changing our behaviour.
- It is my opinion that people, planet and profit goes hand in hand towards the future, Paoli Brunat states. For that to happen, I believe that a collaboration between multiple stakeholders and a clear focus on action are essential, otherwise there will be no change.

Nudge in a nutshell

What is nudging then? The term nudge, and nudging, gained popularity in 2008, when coined in a book by Cass R. Sunstein and Richard H. Thaler. In 2017, the latter was awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his contribution to behavioural economics.

A nudge, in a behavioural context, refers to steering an individual’s behaviour in a given, desired direction; influencing their choices without removing other alternatives. It is a gentle push without legislation, carrots or/and sticks. Human behaviour is often irrational and can also be hard to predict. Nudging can therefor act as an instrument for influencing an individual’s behaviour and choices, in a more preferable way. If used successfully, you can increase a change in behaviour or attitude with nothing more than a gentle tweak and a soft touch.

Nudging is an effective tool for achieving a more sustainable world, and there are many nudging techniques that are proven efficient. Here are 5 nudging techniques that is used frequently with great results:

• A friendly reminder – in the right place, at the right time
• Framing – how the message is presented and by whom
• Social norms – compliance with the group
• Direct feedback – the impact of your actions shown immediately
• Visualisation – making it clear to see the benefit for me

- Without context, the concepts are perhaps hard to grasp – but here is an examples, says Paoli Brunat. In the case of social norms, we as humans like to compare ourselves with others, our group. Most people feel uncomfortable acting outside social norms and pleasant when they have a feeling of belonging. We also love to hear that we are better than average and tend to compare ourselves with others. A good example of wanting to be as good as your neighbour, or even better, was adapted by the power company Opower.

By presenting the customers private energy usage, as well as their neighbours, in their energy use home report they could see how much energy they were using, in relations to each other. This simple data, made visible in an easy way, triggered something in the users; a desire to be better than their next-door neighbour. The effect being that the energy usage of the customers dropped significantly.

Don’t stop believing

I believe that if we can make small changes, in the end it will make a big impact, says Paoli Brunat. May it be that hotels and restaurants uses smaller plates or bowls at buffets, and hence reduces the food waste and overconsumption, or invite your colleague to carpool instead of driving separately, or make a game out of who can recycle most household waste in your neighbourhood? I believe most of know what is “the right thing” to do, and I know that together we can make the changes necessary. But some of us might need a little push to get there.

Want to know more? 

Smart Nudges: https://smartnudges.com
Nudgd: https://nudgd.se/  and https://nudgd.io
Nudging Sweden: https://facebook.com/groups/nudgingsweden
12 strategies to promote behavioural change: http://www.caminomagasin.se/files/media/enabling_sustainalbe_choises_webb.pdf
Sustainable development through nudging: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1281473/FULLTEXT02